Thousand of desire: on city fire detection and alarm technology (1)

Microelectronics technology, detection sensor technology, communications and networking technologies and the rapid development, promote city fire detection and alarm and fire communication technology has undergone changes.

Its main characteristics are reflected in: fire detection and alarm time ahead, fire detection and alarm reliability improvement, special places for fire detection and alarm, fire detection and alarm system of networked, fire control, intelligence, fire communication network technologies and computer alarm command management.

This article discusses the many side city fire detection and alarm and fire communication technology development situation and main problems, while at the same time raised the fire prediction, more information fire detection sensor, a new concept.

City fire detection and alarm and fire communication and new technology is a research and solve after fire ignition and fire problem a science.

With minimal overhead and achieve reliable fire detection and alarm, and can make fire losses to a minimum, the fire detection and alarm pursuit of an important performance indicators and in-depth study of the challenges. To this end, the people through multiple channels of city fire detection and alarm and fire communication technology. It is related to optics, electronics and sensor technology, information processing technology, control theory, logic, network science, computer technology, combustion theory, producing integrated applications.

Fire detection and alarm time ahead

Some special places where important units and computer centre, power dispatching centres, telecommunications hub, and text archives information center, semiconductor production, nuclear power plant, the production in the national economy and social life are essential.

In these places in a variety of electrical and electronic equipment, instruments and meters highly concentrated and in long-running status, electrical overload, overheat, short circuit, fire hazard, in the event of fire would give States cause major economic losses, to a significant impact on society; and flammable and explosive place in case of fire and explosion suppression in a timely manner, it would be difficult. In view of the importance of these places and particularity, common types of heat and smoke detection and alarm system is not able to meet your needs, you must use the high-tech early fire detection and alarm.

Some developed countries on the early fire detection and alarm technology research and product development very seriously.

As early as the 1980s, Japan, the United States, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Germany, Australia and other countries have begun for the areas of technology research and product development, research and development of a laser type high sensitive smoke detector, suction type high sensitive fire detection and alarm system and gas fire detection and alarm system, super early fire detection and alarm products.

These systems use laser particle counting principle, laser scattering theory monitor protected space in the unit volume increase in the number of particles to determine the possibility of a fire, the fire before the hours or days, identify potential fire risk, achieve Super early fire alarm.

And smoke detection and alarm system, this system of detection sensitivity improves the two orders of magnitude or more. But at present, this technology is also limited to smoke particle detection, in the application or in varying degrees by the application environment.

Use of gases and gas composition on fire early stage products or constitute the elements of fire for detection of fire detection technology research and early fire detection another promising research areas.

Experts believe that the study early fire detection technology, the fire detection and alarm into fire detection and alarm and fire prediction in two stages, explore new approaches and concepts, use new concepts boot technology, will more effectively promote early fire detection technology development.

A special place for fire detection and alarm and fire detection sensor technology

Flammable and explosive place once the explosion fire, the fire spread very quickly, it is difficult to control, people development for this specialized in fire and explosion, from combustible gas density in failure and fire and explosion risk, forecast of flammable gas detection alarm system.

It uses the principles of optics, the use of different spectral characteristics of the different gas for gas concentration detectable and fundamentally resolve the points of combustible gas sensing element poor stability, life is short, and so on shortcomings, for large flammable gas detection alarm, high-performance price comparison, the principle also extended to other places gas leakage monitoring.

However, the current special places fire detection and alarm is also limited to a fixed form of research, for moving dangerous goods and chemical disaster prediction and detection of related research is still in the empty stage.

Fire detection and alarm system reliability improvement

Fire detection and alarm system reliability improvement first reflected in the use of intelligent technology processing sensor provides information of fire.

People use a variety of fire detection and composite multiple sensing sensor for judgment fire provides a more full and reliable information.

(A) fire detectors feature updates

Modern fire detectors of the greatest features of discriminant function and judgment to decide not only the separation from the concept, but in practice has performed separately.

Early identification and determination of decision combined, by setting the detector sensor parts, thus addressing issues of rigid and susceptible to interference. And a modern fire detection sensor distinguishing features and the judgment decision by software control, able to filter out interference and identify genuine and fake fire, improve system reliability, fire smart judgment judgment.

In addition, fuzzy logic, neural networks and other high-tech identification for fire, can greatly improve the reliability of the fire detection.

Some fire control equipment, and even control module also began with smart features, its discriminant function more subdivision, two-level (or multiple) discrimination, to increase the fire detection and alarm system performance and reliability.

(2) more information technologies

Early stage of fire detectors for fire information is output of 0 or 1 the switch quantity, other information is only around reflect the switch is properly, can

No action, etc. While modern fire detector is on fire process monitoring, some detectors in essence only plays the role of the sensor. Therefore, a significant increase in the amount of their fire. On the other hand, a variety of single sensor provides information of fire are mixed non-fire, the fire from the sensor provides information on increasing the difficulty of distinguishing fire, people began to study the principle based on a novel detection sensors (such as gas sensors, etc.) and composite probes on fire monitoring of multiple parameters, with intelligent identification technology to reduce false positives, the purpose of improving the reliability.

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